lancer21

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Let's suppose for whatever reason China doesn't manage to get Varyag. My preferred TL is for it to somehow get under russian control, eventually refurbished and serving alongside Kuznetsov.

With that out of the way, wonder what will be the options/development path for the chinese carrier program? We can assume they will still gets lot of blueprint and likely design assistance from Russia initially.

1. Convert one or both Kievs to ski-jump STOBAR, much like Vikramaditya, and buy 50 MiG-29Ks as the immediate available option. Navalized J-10 is also an option but a bit tricky as it's single engine. Alternatively somehow manage to get Novorossyisk too and convert it to STOBAR since it's newer, either on it's own or with another Kiev (say Minsk since is the second oldest). In this scenario, how do you think the first indigenous chinese carrier will look like, would they jump straight to a CATOBAR (a sort of Fujian minus, with two steam cats since steam cats are probably easier to build in the 2010s than the then brand new EMALS) since they'd have already two STOBAR Kievs, or if they only covert Novorossyisk, build an improved sistership to it at Dalian, then Jiangnan still goes on to a CATOBAR Fujian or at least a Fujian minus?

2. Don't convert any Kievs, but instead start building indigenous carriers from scratch, based on past experience such as the 891 carrier design, subsequent designs investigated such as the Bazans and of course russian blueprints study and design assistance. Would they jump straight to a CATOBAR design, a sort of Fujian minus, at both Dalian and Jiangnan, or this will be too great a leap and they will build two ski-jump STOBARs first, more or less like Shandong, before building the next pair more or less to Fujian specs?

On the other hand if they convert Kievs first they might give top priority to navalizing the FC-31/J-31/35 since it's the right size to replace the MiG-29s. Though they might still build the J-15 via the T-10K as well for the bigger carriers, but in reversed order (first FC-31 then J-15).

As a parallel example, China did started building LHDs without having any such ships to study, so probably they could build CATOBAR carriers from scratch as well, though it may take them a bit longer to build and put them in service than the OTL carriers, maybe couple of years at most.

Comments and input welcomed.
 
Possibly those within the PLAN interested in V/STOL capable ships as at least a interim step might be able to get a Yak-41M procurement approved? How would a Red China take on the Sea Control Ship evolve in this timeline?
 
It should be noted that after the deal was sealed with China, Varyag was almost lost in storm as it was towed across the Dardanelles straights.
So that might be a good point of divergence: the storm is even worse, the giant clapped-out powerless hull cannot be recovered and sinks to the bottom of the Black Sea. Turkey would hit the roof, this would make the infamous Montreux convention against carriers even worse.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuznetsov-class_aircraft_carrier
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiev-class_aircraft_carrier#Ships
Fun fact: there were four Kiev. India got one, another was scrapped... and China got the other two, not to create the "Liaoning" but as amusement parks and hotel (and floating bonfire, or so it seems).

I never got the final word about : were the two Kiev bought as "Plan B" in case Varyag would not work ?

Put otherwise: would China had pulled a couple of... Vikramaditya, instead of a single Liaoning ?

Compared to Varyag rusted hull, the Kievs main advantages were : they were operational ships, finished, ready to go. Except for Yak-36, not MiG-29K & Su-27K... and India found the hard way how difficult it was to convert them from the former to the latter planes.
 
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They got the HMAS Melbourne for scrapping in 1984 and apparently studied in great detail before scrapping it. Perhaps they could have repaired it like India, Argentina and Brazil and used it for familiarity purposes.
 
As noted in the OP, the POD is that Varyag somehow ends up in russian service, not that it sinks. Not going to have such an undignified end for a powerful ship like Varyag in my TLs, the fates of the 3 Kievs are bad enough, two ending up as circus attractions (Kiev, Minsk), and one being incomprehensibly scrapped even if it was almost new (Novorossyisk).

If somehow PLAN gets and converts the 3 remaining Kievs to ski-jump STOBAR, i would think three 45,000 tons carriers are worth more than one 60,000 tons Liaoning, they could at least be used to counter India, leaving any future larger PLAN carriers facing exclusively the USN.

Yak-41 is a puzzling option, on one hand it doesn't requite much reconstruction for the Kievs apart from removing the AShMs and installing a ski-jump, on the other hand it is a less capable plane and probably less reliable than a MiG-29K or a hypothetical J-10 carrier version. However, building a chinese Yak-41 opens the possibility of the 075/076 LHD/LHAs carrying them as well, which will be a great leap for PLAN capabilities, and probably putting PLAN definitely on the path of an indigenous 5th gen STOVL being built as a replacement (whereas now we only have rumours of a possible chinese STOVL).
 
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Personally, I feel that this will not stop China's development of electromagnetic catapult technology. China does not have the need for STOVL fighters.
Agreed. EMALS is basically a development of maglev train tech. The Shanghai maglev started construction in 2001, and was in service by 2004.
 
They got the HMAS Melbourne for scrapping in 1984 and apparently studied in great detail before scrapping it. Perhaps they could have repaired it like India, Argentina and Brazil and used it for familiarity purposes.
And in 1996 they asked for the Clemenceau, soon to be retired. France smelled a rat and said NO.
Would have been funny if the chinese had churned PA58 Verduns then CdG lookalikes.
But 45000 tons is probably not enough for Su-27K.
 
And in 1996 they asked for the Clemenceau, soon to be retired. France smelled a rat and said NO.
Would have been funny if the chinese had churned PA58 Verduns then CdG lookalikes.
But 45000 tons is probably not enough for Su-27K.
I think that the Flanker-K could have landed and taken off from a carrier that size. The problem is that Flankers are huge, so you wouldn't have much of an Air Wing on a 45kton carrier with Flankers. I'd expect about 24-32 Flankers.
 
And in 1996 they asked for the Clemenceau, soon to be retired. France smelled a rat and said NO.
Would have been funny if the chinese had churned PA58 Verduns then CdG lookalikes.

Their 70's-80's carrier projects do seem to have some French influence to their design.

And they - apparently - contemplated using J-10 as a carrier fighter, before the Flankers. And it's substantially smaller.
 
So what would China learn from Melbourne and Clem? Steam catapults would be the most obvious thing, but I'd think a lot of details with regards to aircraft operations, like how various lifts actually contribute to sortie generation or somesuch.
 
And they - apparently - contemplated using J-10 as a carrier fighter, before the Flankers. And it's substantially smaller.
That would be a much better choice for a 45kton carrier than a Flanker, purely from the Spot Factor.

Flankers can land on a carrier that small, they have great low-speed handling. They're just so big you could only get 2-3 squadrons onboard.



So what would China learn from Melbourne and Clem? Steam catapults would be the most obvious thing, but I'd think a lot of details with regards to aircraft operations, like how various lifts actually contribute to sortie generation or somesuch.
Agreed. And I'd say that's actually the more important lesson!
 
What carrier projects is that, and what are some rough characteristics like displacement etc.? And from what period? I see 2 catapults, presumably steam?
 
What carrier projects is that, and what are some rough characteristics like displacement etc.? And from what period? I see 2 catapults, presumably steam?
This is not a specific ship design but a certain flight deck layout plan. The hull is flat deck design based on Varyag
This thing actually earlier than the Shandong entered service
 
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