Cold Warriors: The Essex Class in the Cold War

December 4, 1958
Port of Tanjung Perak, East Java, Indonesia


The Soviet freighter Admiral Ushakov returns to the Indonesian port to make yet another delivery. Deep in her holds are crates that are labeled as containing additional MiG-15UTI trainers for the Indonesian Air Force. Instead, the crates each hold two AS-1 Kennel Anti-Ship Missiles. A first generation ASM, they are roughly the same shape as the MiG-15 with about the same

So i do not assume there will be much training with these missiles.
 
December 4, 1958
Port of Tanjung Perak, East Java, Indonesia


The Soviet freighter Admiral Ushakov returns to the Indonesian port to make yet another delivery. Deep in her holds are crates that are labeled as containing additional MiG-15UTI trainers for the Indonesian Air Force. Instead, the crates each hold two AS-1 Kennel Anti-Ship Missiles. A first generation ASM, they are roughly the same shape as the MiG-15 with about the same

So i do not assume there will be much training with these missiles.
Not with the actual missiles, no. They're too expensive to be launched in training. There will be some training flights conducted with the missiles mounted to give the crews experience in how the aircraft handles with them. But they will be flown at night to keep prying eyes away.
 
December 4, 1958
Port of Tanjung Perak, East Java, Indonesia


The Soviet freighter Admiral Ushakov returns to the Indonesian port to make yet another delivery. Deep in her holds are crates that are labeled as containing additional MiG-15UTI trainers for the Indonesian Air Force. Instead, the crates each hold two AS-1 Kennel Anti-Ship Missiles. A first generation ASM, they are roughly the same shape as the MiG-15 with about the same

So i do not assume there will be much training with these missiles.
Not with the actual missiles, no. They're too expensive to be launched in training. There will be some training flights conducted with the missiles mounted to give the crews experience in how the aircraft handles with them. But they will be flown at night to keep prying eyes away.
So will the Soviet advisors do the flying and if needed the bombing missions ore have they faith in their Indonesian students to pull this off.
 
December 4, 1958
Port of Tanjung Perak, East Java, Indonesia


The Soviet freighter Admiral Ushakov returns to the Indonesian port to make yet another delivery. Deep in her holds are crates that are labeled as containing additional MiG-15UTI trainers for the Indonesian Air Force. Instead, the crates each hold two AS-1 Kennel Anti-Ship Missiles. A first generation ASM, they are roughly the same shape as the MiG-15 with about the same

So i do not assume there will be much training with these missiles.
Not with the actual missiles, no. They're too expensive to be launched in training. There will be some training flights conducted with the missiles mounted to give the crews experience in how the aircraft handles with them. But they will be flown at night to keep prying eyes away.
So will the Soviet advisors do the flying and if needed the bombing missions ore have they faith in their Indonesian students to pull this off.
That's way into the future at this point. The Indonesians are just getting familiar with the aircraft. Right now, all flights are being conducted by Indonesian flight crews with Soviet pilots on board as training officers and to backstop the Indonesians.
 
December 4, 1958
Port of Tanjung Perak, East Java, Indonesia


The Soviet freighter Admiral Ushakov returns to the Indonesian port to make yet another delivery. Deep in her holds are crates that are labeled as containing additional MiG-15UTI trainers for the Indonesian Air Force. Instead, the crates each hold two AS-1 Kennel Anti-Ship Missiles. A first generation ASM, they are roughly the same shape as the MiG-15 with about the same

So i do not assume there will be much training with these missiles.
Not with the actual missiles, no. They're too expensive to be launched in training. There will be some training flights conducted with the missiles mounted to give the crews experience in how the aircraft handles with them. But they will be flown at night to keep prying eyes away.
So will the Soviet advisors do the flying and if needed the bombing missions ore have they faith in their Indonesian students to pull this off.
That's way into the future at this point. The Indonesians are just getting familiar with the aircraft. Right now, all flights are being conducted by Indonesian flight crews with Soviet pilots on board as training officers and to backstop the Indonesians.

You mean to make sure the Indonesians pilots do not something stupid like defecting.
 
You mean to make sure the Indonesians pilots do not something stupid like defecting.
That actually wasn't a huge issue at this point in time. A lot of people weren't thrilled with the growing influence of the Communists, but they were willing to work with the USSR to get the advanced hardware they needed to force the issue over West Irian. The Soviet pilots are on board to make sure they don't do something stupid like crash their brand new and very expensive toys because they didn't understand something.
 
December 30, 1958
Washington, DC, USA


The McDonnel F4H is declared the winner of the competition for the Navy's next fleet defense interceptor. The primary factors given are the second crew member to reduce pilot workload, the greater versatility of the aircraft, the larger missile and bomb load and the twin engines of the aircraft. It is a stunning defeat for Vought as they had originally thought that their proposal would be accepted nearly by default. But the specter of the F7U, the "Gutless Cutlass," still reigned over Vought. And their new Super Crusader had seemed destined for problems as well, with a disturbing tendency to suffer compressor stalls at high mach numbers. Vought had tried several fixes during the fly-off, but by the time they had tried the variable intake ramp, the competition was nearly over and the Navy had already formed an unfavorable opinion of the fighter because of it. It had been the final nail in the coffin. The Navy wanted twin engines, two crew and a bigger bomb load, requirements that had changed dramatically from when Vought first designed the Crusader III. Combine all that with the compressor stalls, and the Navy just didn't think the better performance offered by the F8U-3 was worth it.

In the aftermath of the loss, Vought was extremely worried that they would lose the recently won competition from Australia too. In that regard, they got lucky. Australia still wanted the Super Crusader. Granted, most of the work would be done in Australia, but it would at least keep them on the cutting edge of fighter technology. With luck, they might even be able to sell the aircraft to other nations looking for a high performance fighter, particularly one that could operate off of aircraft carriers.
 
January 8, 1959
Jakarta, Indonesia


Indonesia formally severs diplomatic relations with The Netherlands. Citing the ongoing dispute over West Irian, the government of Indonesian President Sukarno states that all options are on the table at this point. Statements from the entire Soviet bloc supporting the move following within hours. All the statements strike a similar tone, decrying Western Imperialism and the belligerence of one of the NATO nations in refusing to negotiate in good faith with their former countrymen.
 
January 17, 1959
New York, New York, USA


Angry voices are heard shouting back and forth from inside one of the conference rooms in the United Nations Headquarters building. A last attempt at negotiations had been attempted by Indonesia to settle the West Irian dispute peacefully. The Netherlands, supported by the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia were unwilling to back down. They were tying their demands for compensation for the loss of their interests in Indonesia's natural resources to the dispute over West Irian. They would accept nothing less than the complete and total capitulation of Indonesia over the matter.

Dr Ali Sastroamidjojo, who had recently become Indonesian Ambassador to the United Nations after serving as Ambassador to the United States had, for one of the few times in his career, lost his temper. He had done everything in his power to keep the situation peaceful. But if the West was unwilling, so be it. He would inform his President that negotiations were pointless.
 
January 23, 1959
Jakarta, Indonesia


President Sukarno knew his nation was at a tipping point in it's history. He had received the message from his Ambassador and had spent several days evaluating all his options and the possible repercussions of each choice. He had held meetings of his own with the Ambassadors of the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia to try and reach some form of resolution that would satisfy everyone. He had failed. So instead, he held a different sort of meeting with the Soviets. Not only was their Ambassador present, so were their Military Attaches and the officers commanding the Training Detachments within his country. Agreements were reached and plans were drafted. That led to his final meeting today. President Sukarno had just authorized General Abdul Haris Nasution to begin putting Operation Trikora into motion.

In accordance with his instructions from General Nasution, General Suharto begins increased training exercises and starts to transfer selected units to bases closer to West Irian. The primary units being transferred are the first two operational squadrons of Shenyang F-5 fighters in the Indonesian Air Force and six MiG-19s flown by Soviet "Volunteers." Several battalions of infantry are also alerted to be ready to deploy for possible combat operations.
 
We're going from a simmer to boil soon!

Something I haven't consider is the French and their Crusaders. Could Foch and Clemenceau handle a F8U-3?
Surprisingly, they might be able to. The F8U-3 had a power off stall speed of only 134 knots with 3x Sparrows loaded. The F-8J, which IIUC was based on the F-8E(FN) had a power off stall speed of between 142 and 155 knots. The bigger issue may be trapping back on board. The angled deck was only 543'. Plus, I'll admit that I'm not 100% certain on what the 170' cats could safely launch.
 
January 31, 1959
Sorong, West New Guinea


Dutch Intelligence begins to see movement from Indonesian Ground, Naval and Air units that indicate a major operation is being planned against Dutch New Guinea. Radio intercept units confirm that the target of the Indonesian build up is West New Guinea. Dutch military forces in the area are placed in a higher state of readiness. As part of that, the Royal Netherlands Navy frigates Eversteen and Kortenaer, the two ships currently on rotation to the island, are ordered to increase their patrol activity around the island and to maintain no less than half the crew on board whenever in port with the ship's boilers operating and ready to put to sea at a moment's notice.
 
January, 31 1959
Amsterdam, New Holland, Netherlands


Within the Ministry of Defence, multiple options are being explored for the possible reinforcement of West New Guinea. Unfortunately, the conditions that led to the bare minimum of forces being sent in the first place still applied. While the situation was somewhat improved, with the Karel Doorman having been returned to service from her lengthy refit, the cupboard was still relatively bare. The only ships that could possibly be sent to reinforce the two frigates on station were the Van Ewijk and De Zeeuw, two old American Cannon class destroyer escorts. They lacked much in the way of ant surface armament and were becoming increasingly outdated in their primary mission of antisubmarine warfare. But they were what was available. The two ships were given warning orders that they may be called upon to deploy to the Far East with little to no notice beyond this message. On both ships, their Captains began tearing their hair out at the prospect of a long, unplanned deployment. They each had a thousand and one things to do to make their ships ready. They braced themselves for some very long days ahead.

In addition to the two destroyer escorts, the submarine Zeeleeuw, another American World War Two cast off, was ordered to deploy to West New Guinea. The old Balao class submarine was by no mean modern, but she had a first rate crew and working torpedos. She could prove vital in preventing any landings on the island.
 
February 2, 1959
Buenos Aires, Argentina


Argentina agrees to buy sixty refurbished F11F-1 Tiger fighters, seventy-five rebuilt A4D-2 Skyhawks, six WF-1 Tracers and four TF-1 Traders to equip their new carrier and training squadrons. Thirty-six of the Tigers will serve with the Comando de la Aviación Naval Argentina while the remaining twenty four will be used as a source of spare parts and as an attrition reserve. Likewise, only forty-eight of the Skyhawks will be actively flown at any one time. The rest will be used for parts and for attrition replacement. The Tiger, which is capable of attaining mach 1.1, is the first supersonic fighter purchased by any South American country. Argentina had expressed interest in acquiring the F8U-2 Crusader for their new carrier, however the United States flatly refused to sell the new fighter to them. The United States Navy attaché had also emphasized that operating the Tiger alongside the Skyhawk would greatly ease the logistics burden on Argentina as both aircraft used the same Wright J65 engine, though the F11F's engine was equipped with an afterburner.

At the same time as the order for the combat aircraft are placed, two aircraft licenses are purchased for the production of Beechcraft T-34 Mentor primary trainers and Lockheed T2V SeaStar carrier capable jet trainers. A latter addendum to this license also allows for the production of T-33 land based jet trainers for the Argentine Air Force. These aircraft are to be built by the state owned aircraft firm Fábrica Militar de Aviones in Cordoba. Both of the trainers selected by Argentina are carrier capable in order to train student Naval Aviators in shipboard operations and to reduce the losses of front line naval aircraft from inexperienced pilots crashing while attempting to land on a carrier for the first time.

Based on the F-80 Shooting Star, America's first jet fighter, the simplicity of the SeaStar trainer is seen as a positive for the fledgling aircraft manufacturer that had struggled to build indigenous designs. The first airframes will be assembled from American supplied kits, with the FMA increasing the amount of domestically produced parts as it gains experience in modern manufacturing techniques. It was hoped that the experience gained by building the jet trainer would help the FMA build more complex designs, such as the I.Ae. 37 and I.Ae. 48, in the future. A third license request, to build Douglas A4D Skyhawks, is declined.
 
I wonder how an F-11 holds up against Sea Harriers? They're a massive step up from their OTL F9F's
 
I wonder how an F-11 holds up against Sea Harriers? They're a massive step up from their OTL F9F's
Given similar levels of pilot skill and training, it should own the Harrier. But the Tiger only has a gun ranging radar, so it's strictly a daylight, good weather only fighter.
 
Argentina had expressed interest in acquiring the F8U-2 Crusader for their new carrier, however the United States flatly refused to sell the new fighter to them.

Oh look, a whiff within a whiff story;):

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Source
 
February 2, 1959
Buenos Aires, Argentina


Argentina agrees to buy sixty refurbished F11F-1 Tiger fighters, seventy-five rebuilt A4D-2 Skyhawks, six WF-1 Tracers and four TF-1 Traders to equip their new carrier and training squadrons. Thirty-six of the Tigers will serve with the Comando de la Aviación Naval Argentina while the remaining twenty four will be used as a source of spare parts and as an attrition reserve. Likewise, only forty-eight of the Skyhawks will be actively flown at any one time. The rest will be used for parts and for attrition replacement. The Tiger, which is capable of attaining mach 1.1, is the first supersonic fighter purchased by any South American country. Argentina had expressed interest in acquiring the F8U-2 Crusader for their new carrier, however the United States flatly refused to sell the new fighter to them. The United States Navy attaché had also emphasized that operating the Tiger alongside the Skyhawk would greatly ease the logistics burden on Argentina as both aircraft used the same Wright J65 engine, though the F11F's engine was equipped with an afterburner.

At the same time as the order for the combat aircraft are placed, two aircraft licenses are purchased for the production of Beechcraft T-34 Mentor primary trainers and Lockheed T2V SeaStar carrier capable jet trainers. A latter addendum to this license also allows for the production of T-33 land based jet trainers for the Argentine Air Force. These aircraft are to be built by the state owned aircraft firm Fábrica Militar de Aviones in Cordoba. Both of the trainers selected by Argentina are carrier capable in order to train student Naval Aviators in shipboard operations and to reduce the losses of front line naval aircraft from inexperienced pilots crashing while attempting to land on a carrier for the first time.

Based on the F-80 Shooting Star, America's first jet fighter, the simplicity of the SeaStar trainer is seen as a positive for the fledgling aircraft manufacturer that had struggled to build indigenous designs. The first airframes will be assembled from American supplied kits, with the FMA increasing the amount of domestically produced parts as it gains experience in modern manufacturing techniques. It was hoped that the experience gained by building the jet trainer would help the FMA build more complex designs, such as the I.Ae. 37 and I.Ae. 48, in the future. A third license request, to build Douglas A4D Skyhawks, is declined.
Does Argentina have the money ore is this loan.
 
Does Argentina have the money ore is this loan
I believe they had the money. Plus, these are generally older aircraft that they're buying. The F11F was being withdrawn from front line service at this time by the USN so the planes are going to be relatively cheap. But if they don't have it, you can consider Uncle Sam to have given them a loan.
 
Does Argentina have the money ore is this loan
I believe they had the money. Plus, these are generally older aircraft that they're buying. The F11F was being withdrawn from front line service at this time by the USN so the planes are going to be relatively cheap. But if they don't have it, you can consider Uncle Sam to have given them a loan.
So what will the Argentina Air Force get, not including the T-33 land based jet trainers you mention, because they will be a little bit jealous i presume.
 
Does Argentina have the money ore is this loan
I believe they had the money. Plus, these are generally older aircraft that they're buying. The F11F was being withdrawn from front line service at this time by the USN so the planes are going to be relatively cheap. But if they don't have it, you can consider Uncle Sam to have given them a loan.
So what will the Argentina Air Force get, not including the T-33 land based jet trainers you mention, because they will be a little bit jealous i presume.
Right now, they're flying Gloster Meteors, but they are very interested in upgrading. Unlike the Navy though, they don't have a firm deadline to buy something. The Navy needs aircraft available before their carrier is delivered, otherwise their shiny new toy is nothing more than a floating office building.

What they're hoping is that the Navy can show the US that they're trustworthy ally and they can use that to buy more advanced fighters to equip their squadrons.
 
February 5, 1959
Washington, DC, USA


Secretary of Defense Neil McElroy had identical request from the governments of Brazil and Chile sitting on his desk. After the announcement that Argentina was purchasing supersonic fighters, both governments were practically demanding the opportunity to purchase supersonic fighters themselves. Before approving the sale to Argentina, he had had a feeling something like this was going to happen. Fortunately, neither country was raising a huge issue over the sale of the carrier. Brazil had already purchased a carrier and Chile was not currently in a position to buy one, with their Navy being heavily out of favor with the government after an unsuccessful revolt. With high performance aircraft already having been sold to Argentina, he wasn't entirely opposed to selling comparable aircraft to other countries in the region. His problem was that he wasn't sure what was actually available to sell.

Argentina was buying used F11F Tigers that the Navy was already phasing out of their frontline squadrons despite the last aircraft having been delivered by Grumman just two week earlier. And there were nowhere near enough F11Fs to provide sufficient numbers to all three countries. Grumman had only built two hundred of them and sixty of those were earmarked for Argentina. That only left about one hundred aircraft available for sale once the two F11F-1F prototypes were removed, the aircraft being flown by the Blue Angels were deducted and the aircraft that the Navy wanted to retain for use as trainers were accounted for.

Perhaps he could convince Grumman to restart Tiger production and sell new build aircraft to those countries? His other option might be to sell North American's proposed F-100N, a Super Sabre with simplified avionics, to Brazil and Chile. His only other option would be to sell all three countries F-104s, and that had the makings of a disaster. Not to mention the Air Force and Navy would likely scream bloody murder about selling mach two fighters to countries that they may have to invade in the future.

When it came down to it though, he may not have a choice. American manufacturers were already phasing out the first generation of fighters that could break the sound barrier and moving on to far more advanced designs. Selling a dumbed down version of a current fighter might be his only option. Deciding his best option would be to hedge his bets, he put in requests to Lockheed, Grumman and Vought for simplified fighters that might be suitable for export to South America.
 
February 5, 1959
Washington, DC, USA




Argentina was buying used F11F Tigers that the Navy was already phasing out of their frontline squadrons despite the last aircraft having been delivered by Grumman just two week earlier. And there were nowhere near enough F11Fs to provide sufficient numbers to all three countries. Grumman had only built two hundred of them and sixty of those were earmarked for Argentina. That only left about one hundred aircraft available for sale once the two F11F-1F prototypes were removed, the aircraft being flown by the Blue Angels were deducted and the aircraft that the Navy wanted to retain for use as trainers were accounted for.

So how good of a conduction are those used F11F Tigers.
 
February 5, 1959
Washington, DC, USA




Argentina was buying used F11F Tigers that the Navy was already phasing out of their frontline squadrons despite the last aircraft having been delivered by Grumman just two week earlier. And there were nowhere near enough F11Fs to provide sufficient numbers to all three countries. Grumman had only built two hundred of them and sixty of those were earmarked for Argentina. That only left about one hundred aircraft available for sale once the two F11F-1F prototypes were removed, the aircraft being flown by the Blue Angels were deducted and the aircraft that the Navy wanted to retain for use as trainers were accounted for.

So how good of a conduction are those used F11F Tigers.
Pretty good, actually. They've only been in service for a couple years. The Navy retired the type from carrier service by 61 with the first leaving service before the last one was even delivered. And the contract states that they will be reconditioned by Grumman prior to delivery
 
Skyrays and Cutlass's? I could see Brazil in particular enjoying the long range of the Voodoo.
 
heh heh Desperate times call for desperate measures!

Demons would be a great choice too, though lacking in the speed department.
Not really. I've talked extensively with a Demon driver and he hated the plane. Said it was the worst fighter he ever flew. He was bounced once by two A-4s while flying into Japan, and he could do nothing to get them off his tail. The Skyhawk was far more maneuverable fighter than the Demon was. The only thing the Demon brings to the table is Sparrow capability.

Likewise, the Skyray isn't really suited for the South American countries. It was a dedicated high altitude point defense interceptor. They need an aircraft that can intercept bombers and establish air superiority.

And I don't see the US being willing to sell the Voodoo. Maybe the A model, but almost certainly not the B
 
heh heh Desperate times call for desperate measures!

Demons would be a great choice too, though lacking in the speed department.
Not really. I've talked extensively with a Demon driver and he hated the plane. Said it was the worst fighter he ever flew. He was bounced once by two A-4s while flying into Japan, and he could do nothing to get them off his tail. The Skyhawk was far more maneuverable fighter than the Demon was. The only thing the Demon brings to the table is Sparrow capability.

Likewise, the Skyray isn't really suited for the South American countries. It was a dedicated high altitude point defense interceptor. They need an aircraft that can intercept bombers and establish air superiority.

And I don't see the US being willing to sell the Voodoo. Maybe the A model, but almost certainly not the B
Ah, well that's certainly a shame. But understandable considering how they were paired with Tigers and Crusaders gun fighters. Might've been different if it was given a J73 or J57?

For the Voodoo, definitely the A or C, minus nukes and whatever electronics deemed "sensitive." Production ended in 61 so it's a possibility for export.
 
Though the 1153 is closest to the timeline, aimed at OR.346 and ....has a VI wing....

Sadly it's festooned with lift jets and clang box diverter to vectoring nozzles

Though we ave to remember this timeline has been diverging since April 1957, so resources may have been allocated differently from real life.
It has, but so far the butterflies have been fairly contained. There are noticeable difference, but nothing that will yet drastically alter the strategic world view. The UK is definitely paying attention to events in the Southwest Pacific and in the South Atlantic. Argentina buying a full up fleet carrier is ringing alarm bells in Parliament with regard to the Falklands. And they're also concerned that Indonesia may make an issue about British Borneo. But they also feel that they and the Australians can handle them fairly easily.
I probably should have not used the term resources, but Hawker will have probably tried a bit more of a push with the P1121, and the EE Lightning may get more updates sooner as it moves more rapidly from an 'interim' type to a frontline fighter (Tony Buttler mentions such upgrades coming in later in a paper on the Sandys review's victims).

There's also the maneuvering and machinations over the Sandys review's fallout. The RN comes out of it quite well in real life, managing to hold on to her carriers, and getting the commando carriers too. They could probably do as well, perhaps better, but the RAF could also do well in the Far East. The Argentinian carrier can only improve the RN situation more.
Hawker is actually really well positioned here. The fact that the RAAF and RAN FAA had serious interest in the P.1121 has spurred on a bit of development that was abandoned in OTL. They've also started seriously looking at how to make the design carrier capable. If Australia hadn't been so badly spooked by Indonesia, it would have been a finalist for service there. There are more events still to come that will really begin to change things though.
It's the Australian way, government provides strategic direction and the services advise what they need to deliver the desired outcomes, the government then balks at to cost and goes the cheapest option, or sometimes lets the required capability whither and die. Then the real world intervenes and the government needs to urgently fill the gap with whatever is available at short notice resulting the acquisition of something not as good as what was originally planned at a higher price.
 

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