AWG-9 radar (and comparison to Zaslon)

Range is different from range. That's why I tried to specify details for those numbers. As for what tech should've given it better detection range? It's ESA, thus have quite a bit narrower beams giving it better power to return ratio. It has quite healthy dig processing (despite your bashing of Argon-15A which I tbh not totally understand). It IS quite powerful (don't have specific tube info, but N011M have 8kw tube with ~5kw peak while having 1.2kw average, so it's not just ×2). BTW on N011 example - M has better range chars despite having less peak power than slotted 011. ESA matters.
Plus, Argon-15 matters too. According to 'Авиация ПВО России и научно-технический прогресс' written by Academica E.A.Fedosov, Zaslon implemented Wald Test (some kind of likelihood estimation?) in target detection, which is classified as 'advance' in the well-known 'Introduction'. This means, with same returning power, it could decide is it target or not way better than the traditional single threshold method.
 

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Hmmm... Isn't 200km was instrumental range for whole AWG-9?

Yes, 200 but not km , nmi ( 370km) and it was in TWS mode.

According to the famous test from 1973 ,it was achieved in the TWS mode when F-14A flying 1.5 Mach at 44000 feet with its AN/AWG-9 tracked incoming USN BQM-34E 'Firebee II' flying 1.5 Mach at 50000 feet from 132 nmi ( 244km) away. Launch range of AIM-54A was 110 nmi ( 203km ). Detection distance was maybe even greater ? Question ,BQM-34E had frontal RCS of how many sqm? Couldn't find but there is some data about BQM-34A 's RCS .

https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/AD0775915.pdf
F-14A AIM-54A 1973 test.jpeg

https://www.forecastinternational.com/archive/disp_old_pdf.cfm?ARC_ID=1066
For comparison ,radars like AN/APG-63/70 in the Eagles and AN/APG-68 in the Fighting Falcons have max detection ranges in TWS 80nmi ( 150km). Radar AI.24 called Foxhunter in the Tornado ADV F.3 has max detection range in TWS 100 nmi.

Data like this are simply wrong :

https://www.scribd.com/document/720041210/AWG-9-Radar
 

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