@WatcherZero : thank you.
In other words, the new generation aircraft carrier does not constrain the mass of the next generation fighter - we will be able, thanks to the Emals (ElectroMagnetic Aircraft Launch System), to catapult up to 40 tonnes.
View: https://x.com/FlightGlobal/status/2002016280010698800?s=20A lack of suitable European-built small turbofan engines for ‘loyal wingman’ applications that are also free of export restrictions has pushed the EU to consider funding the development of a new powerplant.
This would be sized in the 5,620-7,870lb (25-35kN)-thrust range as research has shown this will “meet all necessary performance requirements for thrust and electric power”, it says.
From all these studies will emerge a family of military-use engines for the various applications, with the future M15, M30 and M50 (i.e. engines with 1.5, 3 and 5 tonnes of thrust), notably to power drones, including those accompanying manned aircraft for future Rafale standards and the post-Rafale era (or Combat Collaborative Aircraft, CCA). The aim is to reuse modules as much as possible, with, for example, the M50 adopting the architecture of the M88 but without afterburner, in order to power the future stealth UCAS (Unmanned Combat Air System), which is expected to weigh around 15 tonnes.
There is therefore a technological roadmap to support this family-based engine development, making it possible to align with the plan for managing skills already held or still to be developed within the design offices of the propulsion ecosystem working on this topic (with Safran in the lead, but also its subcontractors, notably in forging, sub-assemblies, etc.). Through this incremental approach, which goes via T-REX, the aim is to de-risk—by means of an intermediate step—the achievement of the specifications expected for the NGF, while at the same time ensuring the retention of human-resource skills (by providing new, engaging projects) and good knowledge transfer between generations of engineers, some of whom are nearing retirement.
About FCAS, I don’t really know much more than you do. There is a strong political will at the highest level of the State, from the President of the Republic and the Chancellor, to keep moving forward. Today there is, I would say, an almost complete breakdown — you can clearly see it — at the level of the industrial partners, the aircraft manufacturers, on the aircraft pillar. They obviously haven’t found a way to work together and to define, more or less, how they should operate together.
What I can tell you is that we are responsible for the engine pillar, and on the engine side, we had a negotiation that was difficult at the time, around 2019, with our German partner. But we clarified things, we went into detail about who does what, and we adopted the principle of what we call the “best athlete.” So the best athlete means the best performer, etc. We said that the division of work would be based on clearly recognized competencies.
And so it is not about allowing the weaker partner to catch up in terms of competence compared to the stronger partner. That is not the principle of cooperation. The principle of cooperation is : you look at the cards that the partners have in their hands, and, you do something that fits the strengths of each of them.
And so since we went into the details of who does what with our German partner in 2019, we have had a system that works perfectly. And in fact, we are regularly cited as an example, both in France and in Germany, as proof that a Franco-German partnership can work in the defense domain. But after that, it really comes down to company-to-company relations. State-level political will is not enough. The industrial players have to be able to work together, because these are projects that will last 15 to 20 years in the development and industrialization phases.
So, what will happen? I can’t predict it. What I can tell you is that there is a short-term priority for all of us: the combat aviation roadmap for France, and that is the Rafale F5 standard, with its increased-thrust engine called T-Rex. And today, what makes me happy is that at the highest level of the Ministry of the Armed Forces — notably the Chief of the Defence Staff, who spoke before the Senate Defence Committee — he clearly said that the F5 standard is his priority in a short-to-medium-term horizon, and that he absolutely needs an increased-thrust engine, provided by us, and that we call T-Rex.
"There will definitely be joint systems," Merz said in Berlin. "We are currently in intensive talks with France about the extent to which we will continue to develop and build joint aircraft, and I expect that we will reach a joint decision on this within the next few weeks."
Saab Open to Airbus Defense Partnership as FCAS Next Generation Fighter Program Stalls.
Swedish defense company Saab has said it would consider teaming with Airbus Defence and Space on a new combat aircraft if the Future Combat Air System remains deadlocked. The remarks highlight growing frustration with FCAS and underscore the risk that Europe’s next-generation fighter effort could fragment further.
Saab is keeping its options open as Europe’s flagship next-generation fighter program struggles to move forward. In an interview with the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung published December 21, 2025, Saab CEO Michael Johansson said the company would be willing to explore cooperation with Airbus Defence and Space on a new combat aircraft should the Franco-German-Spanish FCAS program fail to break out of its prolonged industrial and technical stalemate. His comments come as disagreements over workshare, system architecture, and leadership roles continue to slow progress on one of Europe’s most ambitious defense projects.
FCAS is not limited to replacing France’s Rafale and Germany’s and Spain’s Eurofighter fleets around 2040. It is structured as a “system of systems” composed of several interdependent pillars. At its core is the New Generation Fighter (NGF), a manned combat aircraft intended to operate in highly contested environments. The NGF is to be supported by unmanned collaborative combat platforms, referred to as Remote Carriers, designed to conduct reconnaissance, electronic warfare, saturation, or strike missions. These elements are to be interconnected through a combat cloud responsible for data fusion, mission coordination, and integration with land, naval, space, and cyber forces.
From an industrial perspective, FCAS relies on a highly sensitive division of responsibilities. Dassault Aviation was designated as prime contractor for the NGF, reflecting its experience as the designer of the Rafale. Airbus Defence and Space represents German and Spanish interests across several pillars of the program, including collaborative systems, combat architecture, and selected mission functions. Safran and MTU are tasked with joint development of the propulsion system, while Thales, Indra, and Airbus are involved in sensors and avionics. Additional industrial players contribute to connectivity, effectors, and support systems.
This allocation of roles has become the central point of contention. Since 2021, Airbus has challenged the governance model proposed by Dassault for the NGF, arguing that the “best athlete” principle restricts access to critical technologies for the German industrial base. Dassault, in turn, maintains that the development of a next-generation combat aircraft requires a clearly identified industrial authority responsible for overall architecture, technical decisions, and performance accountability. These disagreements have delayed the transition to demonstration phases intended to validate key technologies such as low observability, propulsion, mission systems, and human-machine integration.
In this context, Johansson’s comments carry broader implications. Asked by the FAZ about a possible partnership with Airbus Defence in the event FCAS were abandoned, he stated that Saab possesses the capabilities required to develop a next-generation fighter aircraft. He emphasized, however, that any cooperation would depend on maintaining core industrial competencies and technological independence, a concern that mirrors several of the issues currently affecting FCAS.
Johansson also outlined a phased approach to future air combat development. He estimated that designing a fully new manned fighter would require approximately ten years, with operational entry not expected before the late 2030s. By contrast, he identified unmanned capabilities as a more immediate priority. Collaborative combat drones, which could be fielded within four to five years, are seen as complementary assets to existing platforms such as the Gripen and the Eurofighter. Saab and Airbus Defence are already engaged in preliminary discussions in this area, although these remain at an early, exploratory stage.
This perspective highlights one of FCAS’s structural challenges: the difficulty of aligning priorities among the manned aircraft, unmanned systems, combat cloud, and sensor architecture. While Saab advocates an incremental development path focused on deployable technological building blocks, FCAS remains organized around a comprehensive and tightly integrated architecture that has proven difficult to govern and synchronize among partners.
As Sweden continues national studies on a future air combat system led by Saab, the prospect of a German-Swedish industrial framework has emerged as a potential alternative for Berlin. Such an option would rest on a narrower industrial structure than FCAS, but it would also represent a departure from a program conceived as a cornerstone of European strategic autonomy. Whether European governments are prepared to reconsider this approach remains an open question, as FCAS continues to face unresolved technical, industrial, and governance challenges.
[Analysis] SCAF: Saab Sets Its Conditions For Airbus To Launch A Joint Program
Since The Summer Of 2025, The Future Combat Air System (FCAS) Has Seen Its Trajectory Seriously Jeopardized, To The Point That The Demise Of A New Joint Fighter Jet Seems Already Written In Both Berlin And Paris. Recent Statements By The Head Of Saab, Reported After An Interview With A German Daily Newspaper, Have Added An Unexpected Element To The Debate, By Setting Strict Conditions For Any Cooperation With The German Industry. This Stance Comes As Germany Explores Alternatives, Including Closer Ties With Sweden, And As Several Media And Political Voices Now Consider The End Of The NGF As Envisioned In 2017 Inevitable.
In This Context, Saab's CEO's Proposal To Cooperate Without Massive Technology Transfers, While Preserving The Swedish Company's Full Aircraft Manufacturing Capabilities, Reflects Existing Tensions Between European Partners. The Issue Extends Beyond The Industrial Sphere To Encompass The Operational Timeline And Political Balance, As Berlin Seeks A Way Out While The SCAF Program Stalls, And Each Option Raises Technical And Diplomatic Constraints That Could Exacerbate Capability Vulnerabilities Over The Coming Decade.
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“We are trying to resolve this. In any case, there will be joint systems.’’ Merz said. ‘‘We are currently engaged in intensive dialogue with France on the extent to which we will also continue to develop and build joint aircraft, and I expect that we will reach a joint decision on this within the next few weeks.”
The German leader’s comments came after Michael Schoellhorn, chief executive of Airbus Defence and Space, said that his company had given up on manufacturing a joint fighter aircraft.“We have come to the conclusion that . . . Dassault just has a completely different set-up in mind that is not fitting to a co-operative European project, and that’s why it’s better that we part ways on the fighter,” he told Politico.
A person inside Merz’s Christian Democratic Party, said: “The project is deadlocked but no one wants to be the first to say it is dead.”
Dassault put forward a new proposal to the governments of how it envisioned its leadership, two people familiar with the matter said. It included explicitly calling Airbus a subcontractor, one of the people said, and requested that the French military procurement agency oversee the works, rather than a more international committee.
The two nations had agreed on a deadline of the end of 2025 to resolve the dispute. But one person close to the matter said the decision was postponed until the end of February, after French President Emmanuel Macron and Merz met in Paris on January 6.
Dassault [...] requested that the French military procurement agency oversee the works, rather than a more international committee.
For me this was agreed on from the start. Sounds more like media noise and an attempt to frame it as new information.Surely they said that the French and German military procurement agencies oversee etc...
Try to stay on topic.I mean it would sound like some odd thing out of a Versailles treaty copy otherwise...![]()
Prefer a good collaboration ?Is that an error in translation because it sounds oddly awkward?! Surely they said that the French and German military procurement agencies oversee etc...
I mean it would sound like some odd thing out of a Versailles treaty copy otherwise...![]()
Try to stay on topic.
Some extra info from the FT
So a decision by the end of Feb.
German union urges homegrown fighter jet in blow to European plan
Accusing French planemaker Dassault Aviation of trying to dictate terms on the Future Combat Air System (FCAS) project, Juergen Kerner, deputy head of the IG Metall union, and Marie-Christine von Hahn, head of the German Aerospace Industries Association, said Germany should make its own jet.
Industry and the union are convinced that the two-aircraft solution is clearing the way for clear conditions and perspectives, according to a statement published today by the BDLI.
“A two-aircraft solution is not a failure, but the growing up of FCAS. It allows different national priorities and reduces friction losses because cooperation takes place where it makes economic and technological sense,” says Marie‐Christine von Hahn, Managing Director of BDLI.
This is what I said time ago DEAD![]()
France and Germany’s next-generation fighter jet project is ‘dead’
An official familiar with French President Emmanuel Macron’s thinking said a failure is more likely than a relaunch.www.politico.eu
Airbus could develop its own fighter jet
According to industry sources, Airbus is prepared to develop its own fighter jet in light of the delays to the planned Franco-German FCAS air combat system. "If it ultimately comes down to two aircraft, it wouldn't be the end of the world," German industry sources said on Friday on the sidelines of the Munich Security Conference.
"That would make FCAS even more resilient," the statement continued, referring to the Franco-German air combat system, which includes drones and communication systems in addition to the fighter jet. It was conceivable, the statement added, "to retain everything that works in FCAS."
It is quite striking that those who would benefit most from building their own jet are now the ones complaining most loudly about the French side.
The following passage from the joint article by the BDLI lobbyist and the union vice-chairman is revealing:
"Combined with a robust federal budget, we are in a position to invest confidently and thus pursue bold industrial policy paths: We are no longer joining multinational projects, but are setting up our own program and then looking for partners who want to participate. Taking responsibility for the security of Europe also means leading from a position of industrial strength."
Marie-Christine von Hahn / Jürgen Kerner, Handelsblatt , February 9, 2026
In other words, the two are saying the following: While in previous years in-house development would have been far too expensive due to a lack of know-how, today it is affordable – and, to put it bluntly, one can ignore the French.
View: https://x.com/MichaelaWiegel/status/2022635683622556054All arguments very plausible, but why does it take the Bundeswehr more than 8 years to notice this? France has clearly stated its needs from the very beginning
The answer is as simple as allways. The FCAS & MGCS combo deal at that time was just better than anything else while developing 2 aircrafts wasn't really in the budget.
Not everyone is sold on the prospect of Europe potentially investing in three future fighter jets, as Italy, the UK and Japan are also developing a platform under the Global Combat Air Programme (GCAP).
“It’s crazy. [We] have to stop this idea,” Theo Francken, Belgium’s Defense Minister told Breaking Defense today. “I think that’s too expensive to make three [different aircraft]. “It’s better to have one huge program” that includes a cloud network and Collaborative Combat Aircraft (CCA),” he added.
Brussels holds FCAS observer status, but “we don’t have a lot of information,” about the latest political and industrial developments relating to the troubled project,” stressed Francken. “It is between the key players. … I’m not certain it will end up well. It will be problematic, I assume.”
BS what is too expensive is to remove competition.From Belgium:
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FCAS may survive, but next-gen fighter negotiations all but dead: Industry source - Breaking Defense
The idea of a Franco-German-Spanish sixth-gen fighter is all but dead, an industry source said on the sidelines of the Munich Security Conference.breakingdefense.com
Merz said in the podcast Power Change that France had different demands on a fighter aircraft than the Bundeswehr. The air combat system jointly planned by Germany, France and Spain is to replace the Eurofighter used by Germany and the French Rafale fighter aircraft from 2040. According to Chancellor Merz, France needs a nuclear-capable and aircraft-capable aircraft in the next generation of combat aircraft. The Bundeswehr doesn't need that right now. He brought into play the option to build a new fighter plane with Spain and other countries.
The decision on FCAS, which stands for Future Combat Air System, has already been postponed twice. Now it should fall by the end of the month. French President Macron had recently emphasized that he did not see FCAS as endangered. He warned that many synergies could be lost if the development is stopped
Everybody knows the reason for the problem in FCAS, thats just for political cover.Who could have known France needed a nuclear capable and a carrier capable aircraft …
So fot the past 6 years, Germany has been pushing France to give up both its airborne nuclear deterrent and its carrier aviation ?
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Europäisches Rüstungsprojekt - Merz äußert Zweifel an Zukunft von FCAS
Bundeskanzler Merz hat die Zukunft des Rüstungsprojekts FCAS in Frage gestellt.www.deutschlandfunk.de
Who could have known France needed a nuclear capable and a carrier capable aircraft …
So for the past 6 years, Germany has been pushing France to give up both its airborne nuclear deterrent and its carrier based aviation ?
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Europäisches Rüstungsprojekt - Merz äußert Zweifel an Zukunft von FCAS
Bundeskanzler Merz hat die Zukunft des Rüstungsprojekts FCAS in Frage gestellt.www.deutschlandfunk.de
Here's a French article from a defense journalist who is well connected in gov. and industry circles and is often used to share talking points that can't be attributed officially.Merz’s comments are likely to raise eyebrows in Paris, which has tried to play down any differences of opinion among decision makers in recent weeks."![]()
'SCAF is dead': Sixth-gen Franco-German fighter is all but over, officials and analysts say - Breaking Defense
New comments from Germany's chancellor seem to spell the end of the next-gen fighter jet for Germany, France and Spain.breakingdefense.com
The Future Combat Air System (FCAS), spearheaded by Germany, Spain, and France, is clearly brain-dead in its current form. The German Chancellor was very clear on Wednesday about the future of this program, which has been stalled for several months . "The question now is: do we have the strength and the will to build two aircraft (...) or just one?" Friedrich Merz asked in rather bad faith on the German podcast Machtwechsel. He pointed out, in a particularly disingenuous manner, that Paris and Berlin are "in disagreement on the specifications and profiles " of the future combat aircraft that the three countries are supposed to develop together.
The failure of this program, launched with great fanfare but without any industrial consultation in July 2017 in Paris with Chancellor Angela Merkel, would be an admission of a terrible defeat for Emmanuel Macron. Most of the programs announced that day have been progressively torpedoed by Berlin (modernization of the Tiger helicopter, the MAST-F tactical missile, and the maritime patrol aircraft), while Paris wants to withdraw from the Eurodrone project. What remains is FCAS, which is practically nonexistent, and MGCS, the future tank system, which is also in poor condition.
The problem seems almost insurmountable: the French presidency appears to have no leverage left to compel Airbus and Dassault Aviation to cooperate on the SCAF (Future Combat Air System). Why are Dassault Aviation and Airbus so opposed? "The central issue is the 'lead share' between Dassault and Airbus: who has the power to decide what, who will be included in a decision. On these points, there is a fundamental disagreement" between the two groups, explains a source close to the matter.
Chancellor Merz's arguments for halting the SCAF program are very surprising and rather misleading. The Élysée Palace felt compelled to respond on this point: "The military needs of the three participating states have not changed; these needs included, from the outset, French deterrence as well as the other missions of the future aircraft ." The Germans seem to be rediscovering this now.
First step will likely be exactly that what they deny the whole time mostly more F-35 (rumours say likely another 35).Airbus are now suggesting 2 airframes for FCAS.
I think at this point with the German government, german industry and Dassault all basically saying the same thing, that we're hearing an orchestrated breakup of the project with the least amount of damage.
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Airbus suggests split solution for Europe’s faltering fighter jet programme
Aerospace firm proposes two separate warplanes amid dispute over who leads €100bn projectwww.theguardian.com
I'd suggest there is no possibility Germany will build their own plane, it would be economically unviable for them as they would have no real export market, plus of course the technical difficulties.
So where now for Germany?