Turning a jet trainer into a recon drone?

totoro

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How feasible would be taking a M346 or Yak130 or some similar plane design and turning it into a dedicated unmanned recon aircraft?
The cockpit looking part in the drawing is not a cockpit. It's a large satellite dish cover. Basically, the spot where 2 seats were is partially filled with electronics and comms, and partially by additional fuel tanks. (another 500 kg of fuel, for 2500 kg total internal fuel?) Forward of that area is a new nose, taking the U-2's concept of interchangable noses. So there can be a rotatable radar sensor in the nose, or a rotatable EO sensor and so on.
Other than that, the plane would try to retain as many old parts as possible, for quick production, ease of development etc. Not sure how much problem would rebalancing of the weights involve, or how much aerodynamic impact would a new nose and new cockpit like cover involve. Given the subsonic speeds and not demanding maneuvers, hopefully not too much. I read that Syers2 optical sensor on the U-2 weighs 400-500 kg, which doesn't seem like too much, but then again, it is positioned quite a bit forward on this concept plane. (Grifo 346 radar is allegedly just 100 kg)

M346 allegedly has a flight ceiling of 13 km, so this shouldn't be that far behind? And 2500 km ferry range might translate to like 4 hours of flight endurance with tanks? that's quite low, so hopefully additional fuel tanks might provide another hour or so. Is that realistic? Even 5 hours is still low for recon, probably not offering more than 3 or so hours on station but it's better than nothing.

But, we've added approximately a ton of equipment and fuel, while we deleted the radar, the cockpit equipment, pilots, the canopy and slightly streamlined the forward section. Canopy might be like 200 kg, pilots another 200 kg, seats another 150 kg, and the rest of the cockpit probably a few hundred kg more? Not sure the actual total would be a net positive.
 
In my opinion, the project is technically feasible, but I also think that the idea is unrealistic in terms of economy, working hours and time spent on control tests, system optimization and operational prototypes.

For the project to be militarily useful, it would be necessary to have at least one hundred surplus aircraft for transformation, something like what the Americans did with the surplus production of the Hellcat during the cold war.
 
It's physically possible, but wouldn't it be better to spend the 25-40mil on a dedicated stealthy recon drone instead?
 
For the US, for sure. But for the countries which have very little experience with stealth or have great urgency to procure high flying ISR assets with large aperture optics - developing or buying such a drone might not be an option. Actually, I don't think there is a single large stealthy recon drone model for offer on the export market. I guess the idea is more suitable for a quick and dirty war effort, rather than an efficient and thought out (but slow to put in service) dedicated drone design.
 
I faintly remember Saddam's Iraq trying to convert old L-29 Delfin trainers into drones - but I doubt they were intended for recon missions! :)

The human, a.k.a, the pilot is one of the central limiting factors the design and construction of an aircraft. That includes life support systems (size, weight and power - SWaP), cockpit (volume), avionics instruments (again SWaP) and structural limitations (g-limits) among other things. Turning a trainer into a recon drone technically is not a challenge per se, but I think it is primarily a cost-efficiency issue.

Some years ago we advocated the idea of converting retired F-5A/B's, which had many flight hours left in their airframes and engines. The idea was to use them as decoys and targets (pretty much like QF-16). We did the feasibility, the modification cost per aircraft was indeed low but the customer did not want based on the grounds that cost per flight hour is high for such a platform (which I did not and still do not agree with). Later on, many African countries inquired for those jet but alas, they all went to junkyard, being chipped off.
 

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