Geostationary Extended Observations (GeoXO) (
https://www.nesdis.noaa.gov/GeoXO): NOAA’s GeoXO satellite program will continue the GOES-R Series mission as a follow-on four-satellite program and serve as the next generation of space-based severe weather monitoring observatories, providing essential, sustained observations from geostationary earth orbit to meet NOAA weather mission requirements.
NOAA is currently in the process of
restructuring this program with a reduced scope compared to the program baseline set by the prior administration. The GeoXO satellites will host an imager and new hyperspectral sounder for short-range (0-3 days) forecasting, severe weather warnings, and hazardous conditions. If achievable within new program cost guidelines, the program will also include a lightning mapper, to continue the observations from the GOES-R Series.
The ocean color and atmospheric composition instruments will be eliminated from the program, along with the third satellite position that was to fly over the central U.S.
The configuration of the
four-satellite constellation will include two series of two satellites in the GOES East and West positions. NOAA has contracts in place for all the required components. These contracts will also be
changed from cost-plus contracts to firm-fixed-price contracts and with appropriate acquisition authorities, the contracts may be novated from NASA to NOAA as the acquisition agent, as the Administration addresses unnecessary layers of bureaucratic oversight. Under this reconstituted approach, NOAA would also work to award a contract for a commercial mission to handle all satellite, launch, commissioning, and operations.
NOAA has identified authorities in NASA’s authorization but not in NOAA’s current authorizations that could help clarify and
support the acquisition strategy that the agency intends to utilize. NOAA’s goal is to modernize acquisition, hiring, and program management authorities to better enable it to independently lead its weather satellite and commercial space programs and to become the acquisition agent for these programs instead of NASA. Namely, the explicit authorities NOAA is seeking will enable NOAA to incrementally fund non-severable contracts, and provide authority to manage multi-year contract periods of performance. Additional authorities that NOAA is evaluating are hiring and compensation flexibilities to better compete with the private sector for talent, exempting satellite systems and commercial data buys from “information technology” designations and thus exempting them from IT-specific oversight requirements, and authority to utilize the services of other Federal agencies on a reimbursable or non-reimbursable basis. These additional authorities align with those of NASA and/or DoD and will better enable agile, efficient, cost-effective, and accountable execution of critical environmental satellite missions to execute contracts that may be firm fixed price and leverage commercial best practices. As NOAA assumes the primary responsibility for the acquisition agent of weather satellite development, launch services, ground services and operations along with commercial space data procurement, it must be empowered to act with the speed, flexibility, and authority of other space agencies.
NOAA has a single flight spare GOES-R Series ABI instrument, available to fly on the first GeoXO platform in 2032, to maintain critical observation continuity between the GOES-R Series and GeoXO. Imagers on the second, third, and fourth GeoXO satellites will provide more detailed observation and precise forecasting capabilities than the GOES-R Series ABI, including higher spatial resolution imagery and additional spectral channels for water vapor detection. GeoXO satellites will also introduce new hyperspectral infrared sounders capable of measuring the vertical distribution of atmospheric temperature and water vapor. These sounders will increase atmospheric condition data in real time for weather modeling, nowcasting, and localized forecasts. Harnessing the combined capabilities of the imager and sounder instruments, the GeoXO program will significantly improve weather forecasting and severe weather and storm warnings.