Although this is mostly about how difficult it is for the Office of Personnel Management to process all the retirements from the federal government, there are some interesting details and observations in here:
https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2025/10/13/retirements-buyouts-federal-government-trump/
"This mass exodus — unprecedented in its scale — includes 154,000 federal employees who accepted buyout offers and were largely removed from the payroll as of the end of last month. Some of those are among nearly 105,000 employees who took regular retirement during the fiscal year that ended in September, an 18 percent surge from the previous year."
And:
"One of the OPM employees described a chaotic, ongoing mess.
“No strategic direction, no strategic plan, statutorily required duties gone by the wayside, no backups for things people did when they left … budget questions that can’t be answered, big holes in institutional knowledge, no ability to backfill priority positions,” the employee said."
Although that second part refers to OPM, it's actually applicable to a lot of government agencies--normally when somebody plans to retire, they announce that in advance and their office then comes up with a plan to either replace them with a new-hire, a promotion, or a shifting of responsibilities. That is harder to do with less warning. The "statutorily required duties" part is relevant. One of the things that has happened at NASA and other agencies is that DOGE came in and said "get rid of X, Y and Z." And then the civil servants had to explain why X and Y were required by statute (i.e. law) and that the executive branch couldn't simply not do those things, even if those things were no longer relevant. Somebody had to change the law. I know of examples at two agencies (NASA is one) where they had people doing something required by statute who left (at NASA they took retirement, at the other agency they were fired). This then left a hole in the agency that had to be filled, otherwise Congress would make an angry phone call saying "Why aren't you doing this anymore?"
And then there's the whole story about NASA's strategic planning process, which like every other agency's strategic planning process, has been blown to smithereens.