Vickers Windsor

blackkite

Don't laugh, don't cry, don't even curse, but.....
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"In 1941 the firm began devising a high-altitude bomber powered by Rolls-Royce Merlin engines, and in July 1942 the company gained Air Ministry approval to produce two prototypes – later given the serials DW506 and DW512. Covered by Specification B.3/42 stipulating a maximum speed of 350mph at 31,000ft, a ceiling of 38,500ft and a maximum bomb load of 8,000lb, the emerging design was designated the Type 447 Windsor the following year.

Two different engine variants were used during the development phase – prototype DW506 was fitted with Merlin 65s featuring chin-type radiators,

while DW512 and NK136 had Merlin 85s housed in off-centre annular cowlings. The powerplants each drove a wooden four-bladed Rotol propeller. However, with the airframe’s weight rapidly increasing, it was soon realised both ’506 and ’512 would no longer represent production machines.

As a result, three more prototypes were ordered, serials NK136, NN670 and NN673; just the first of these would fly. Vickers decided it would use ’506 and ’512 to provide flight data but limited them to an all-up-weight of 55,000lb. Further modifications, including a much stiffer fuselage introduced to NK136, allowed this restriction to be lifted.

The third Windsor, NK136, was the only airframe fitted with armament, and consequently Vickers allocated it the new designation Type 461. Fitted with Merlin 85 engines, it first flew on July 18, 1944. Nevertheless, despite being the only airframe to closely represent a production machine, the flight was undertaken without any armament installed; this was finally fitted in January 1945.

Classed as pre-production airframes, the fourth and fifth prototypes were never completed as a result."
https://www.key.aero/article/failed-vickers-windsor
 

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Thank you blakkite, I always wondered why Windsor was a dead end despite its nice look and its performances.
 
"The production Windsor was to be known as the Vickers Type 483, 300 of which were ordered across seven batches in April 1943, with construction being undertaken at Weybridge. Following the war in Europe, the first true airframe was expected for delivery in 1946, with up to 30 squadrons planned to re-equip. Intended for use in the Pacific, the end of hostilities against Japan brought everything to a shuddering halt. Even as early as November 1944 the production order had been cut to just 100 examples. Subsequently the number plummeted to 40 – all of which were to be Windsor Mk.IIs fitted with Rolls-Royce Clyde turboprop engines. Finally, on November 12, 1945 the Windsor was officially cancelled. Nevertheless, trials with the existing airframes were to be continued. "
 

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Clyde powered sounds interesting --- now I know what to do with my 1/72 Sanger vacuform --- thanks !
 
The geodetic airframe had a high parts-count and was labor-intensive to build. Because the Windsor was so fast, its fabric covering needed steel strips to reinforce it.
 

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The first prototype of the Windsor had its demise at an airfield nearby to me, at Grove. Despite the short life of this aircraft, the name Windsor was chosen as one of the street names for the new housing development on the former airfield site, a fact I am well aware whilst carrying out deliveries in this area!
 
Wow. Never heard of that beast before. I often assumed that Bomber Command post-Lancaster-Halifax future was the Avro Lincoln ?
How did the Windsor related to the Lincoln ?

And turboprops ? wow.
 
Hi! Source : Wikipedia
 

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The Windsor grew out of Super Warwick studies for a fast medium bomber. The RAF didn't want fast mediums so they stuck a couple more Merlins on and the Windsor resulted.
I have never thought the Windsor would have worked out well in service, it didn't need Wallis' geodetic construction method and reworking it for use with metal skinning added complications and the wing canvas suffered from ballooning at high speeds. Saying that, the remote cannon barbettes could have been pretty useful had they been developed earlier in the war.
Turboprop power was a dream - none of the British turboprops got off the test stands much before 1948 and even in 1950 they were highly temperamental beasts.
 

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VHBs: Very Heavy (British) Bombers.

Sir Charles Craven, MD/Vickers Ltd and Chairman/Vickers-Armstrongs, so owner of Vickers-Supermarine knew his civic duty and fired MD/V-S, Sir Robert McClean, 10/38 for dilatory support of Air Ministry's (A.M) imposed Spitfire sub-contractors (he went to EMI and delivered H2S). Craven caused Westland, Folland, Shorts to receive what they needed. A.M. Air Council Member for Devt.&Prodn. AM Sir W.Freeman accepted his position that geodetic structure could only be managed by the Design Authority, so appointed V-A in 1939 as Manager of Broughton and of Blackpool A.M. Agency Factories to build Wellingtons. He arranged his appointment 1/5/40 as Air Council Civil Member for Devt & Prodn: both then moved to Beaverbrook's Ministry of A/c Prodn., (MAP) 14/5/40, where they arranged deletion of Lord Nuffield from C.Bromwich A/c Factory and its transfer to Management by V-A. Spitfires promptly emerged from CBAF, making the Minister happy (structure had been moved up from Eastleigh). Craven became MAP Controller-General.

V-A T.405 had lost the Ideal Bomber 12/39 to Bristol and HP.

Craven+Freeman caused Beaver 25/5/40 to assign Priority in materials allocation to (5 types inc. Wellington). The Ideal Bomber was cancelled mid-6/40. Resources were restored 8/40 for (selected) other types.

V-S lost Heavy T.317 prototype to bombing, 26/9/40, so cancellation.

Craven arranged 1st. production order, 250, for (as funded 7/10/35 “Heavy”) Warwick I/II, 28/12/40. Back with Vickers he urged Beaver to fund Wallis' Victory Bomber and did extract Study funds, 9/1/41-9/1/42.

Craven came back to MAP 1/5/41 as Chief Executive, Moore-Brabazon as Minister, who agreed 15/7/41 to upgrade Warwick as Mk.III, pressurised, with no need to invite competitive tenders.

Craven caused Minister Llewellin to redefine the programme 4/7/42 to delete pressurisation, again, no competition. He then returned to Vickers.

Cabinet took Heavies, 6/10/42, briefed on V-A a/csense of disappointment & disquiet (on) prospects...disappointments (delays)” Warwick “most spectacular failure of all”:MM.Postan, Design & Devt. of Weapons,64,HMSO,P129. One issue was whether to continue funding (to be) Windsor (it was).

Minister of Production Lyttleton then departed to Washington to do many good things including securing many B-24 for 1943 delivery, and a licence to build B-29 (first flight 21/9/42), which Llewellin assigned to V-A/Weybridge as T.441, exactly as USAAF Chief HAP Arnold assigned all USAAF Very Heavies to the Pacific. UK then lost interest in B-29.

Llewellin was fired 22/11/42 for truant Heavies, hampering Churchill's credibility in Summits. CAS Portal had put out a Spec for 75-100ton Very Heavy Bomber, tenders to MAP by 1/43. Stafford Cripps became MAP 22/11/42, ACM Freeman back, as MAP Chief Exec., 17/10/42. Their job: Heavies, NOW! Unfazed by criticism of their Windsor/Warwick performance V-A bid the 6-Merlin canard on cover of 2004 BSP.

Cripps was having none of it and dumped the lot...except Bristol's bid for which the Bristol E. MP extracted Study funds as Brabazon Transatlantic Type I. He Nationalised Shorts, moved (legacy) Lancaster Design Authority to AWA so Avro could concentrate on (Mk.IV, to be) Lincoln, prototype funded 7/43, 162 ordered 8/43; 300 Windsor ordered 21/4/43. Churchill persuaded FDR, Quebec, 9/44 Summit to assign a “softening up” role to RAF in SEAC (US believed that Command was to Save England's Asian Colonies). CAS Portal had assured him RAF would be there within late-45 with Windsor and Lincoln.

It has been suggested that Portal fell out of love with Vickers. All seniors had left before he accepted founding Chairmanship of (Vickers, 40%) BAC Ltd.
 
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