Vostok, Antarctica, is one of the most remote and hostile places on the planet. Perched atop the South Geomagnetic Pole some 1,200 kilometres inland, it is a barren, frozen wasteland, with average winter temperatures hovering around -70ºC. On July 21, 1983, Vostok experienced the lowest temperature ever recorded on earth: a mind-numbing -89.2ºC. This, for the record, is colder than frozen carbon dioxide, or dry ice, which forms at a relatively balmy -78.5 degrees. It will come as no surprise, then, that this frigid outpost is inhabited almost exclusively by Russians. Established by the Soviet Union in 1957, Vostok Research Station has been inhabited almost continuously ever since, hosting around 25 scientists in the summer and 13 in the winter. The station’s name, which in Russian means “East,” comes from the flagship of Russian Admiral Fabian von Bellingshausen, who in 1820 became the first European to set eyes on Antarctica. Bellinghausen’s other ship, the Mirny or “Peaceful,” provides the namesake of Mirny Station on the coast. As aircraft cannot fly during the dark Antarctic winter, every year a convoy of snow tractors must make an epic 1,410 kilometre journey inland from Mirny to Vostok to keep the remote station resupplied. For over 50 years, Vostok Station has been involved in a wide variety of geophysical research including studying the earth’s magnetic field and drilling deep boreholes into the ice sheet to study the planet’s changing climate. But in 1993, researchers made an astonishing discovery that forever changed our understanding of the frozen southern continent. Deep below Vostok Station, buried under four kilometres of ice, lies a pristine body of liquid water the size of Lake Ontario, sealed off from the outside world for some 25 million years. It is one of the most unique and mysterious environments on earth, and one which may yield insights into our planet’s distant past and the existence of life on other planets. Welcome to the bizarre subglacial world of Lake Vostok.