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Message: <blockquote data-quote="crossiathh" data-source="post: 10746" data-attributes="member: 17">May I can add something noteworthy here:Compared to the ASP23D(Export) of MiG-23MF the ASP-17ML(Export) of the MiG-23ML was provided, amongst other things, with two very helpfull features for close air combat.1. With the introduction of the R-60 or R-60M a short ranged dogfight missile was available with a off-boresight angle of about +/- 12° respectively +/-20° (different to their predecessors R-3S or R-13).Normally the seeker head could be steered by either the radar, the IRST or it was used in boresight mode, which were not helpfull in close dogfight. With the ASP-17ML an additional possibility was introduced.The pilot could steer the seaker head manually by using the knob normally used to control the X-23M missile (left on the stick) to shift the aiming circle onto the target (+/-20°). Useless to say that this provides some elbow-room while in turning fight. A very small step in the direction of HMS.2. The ASP-17ML was provided with a new gunsight besides the still implemented gyro-gunsight, which computed the aiming point. It was told to be fairly accurate.</blockquote>