IA 45 Querandi

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The IA 45 was one of several light aircraft projected under the " II Second Five Year Plan" announced with great fanfare by the Perón regime. As as will be seen, it was originally planned to use a batch of 100 Dh Gipsy Major 140 hp acquired in 1936 and intended for the AéC.4

IA 45Prototype powered by two Avco Lycoming O-320 piston engines, one built, first flight 23 September 1957.IA 45BImproved version with six seats and powered by two Lycoming O-360 piston engines, one built, first flight 15 November 1960.
Crew: 1
  • Capacity: 5 passengers
  • Length: 8.92 m (29 ft 3 in)
  • Wingspan: 13.75 m (45 ft 1 in)
  • Height: 2.79 m (9 ft 2 in)
  • Wing area: 19.3 m2 (208 sq ft)
  • Aspect ratio: 9.8:1
  • Airfoil: NACA 23016 at root, 23010 at tip
  • Empty weight: 1,710 kg (3,770 lb)
  • Gross weight: 1,800 kg (3,968 lb)
  • Fuel capacity: 400 L (110 US gal; 88 imp gal)
  • Powerplant: 2 × Lycoming O-360 air-cooled flat-four engines, 130 kW (180 hp) each
Performance

  • Maximum speed: 276 km/h (171 mph, 149 kn) at sea level
  • Cruise speed: 245 km/h (152 mph, 132 kn) at sea level (75% power)
  • Stall speed: 110 km/h (68 mph, 59 kn) (flaps down)
  • Range: 1,100 km (680 mi, 590 nmi) (30 min reserves, 75% power)
  • Service ceiling: 7,500 m (24,600 ft) (absolute ceiling)
  • Rate of climb: 7.0 m/s (1,380 ft/min)
 

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58zuu07xtxu61.jpg

Along other prototypes
 
Somewhere in my files I have a much clearer version of this photo, here, in the meantime, here are two pics of the 2nd. prototypes
 

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Yes indeed, my copy of this print was given to me by the son of a former engineer employed by the FMA, at the time residing in Fort Worth (Texas)
 
Found it, along with many others Roberto gave me back in 1991. Notice the I.A. 37 on the extreme right.
Amazing, got to say, i forgot that user Cartonero (from Zona Militar) shared 2 takes of the hangar (Both belonging to the FMA Archive). I fused them together in photoshop (like i did with some pic of the Nahuel that ended up here in the forum) and forgot about it.
FMAvarios.jpg

Thanks for the addition, ill leave the 2 original pics attached.
 

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There's a rather amazing story behind that photograph collection. I had them duplicated and went to see an old friend in Princeton (New Jersey)-and were sitting on the front lawn, speaking in Spanish. A passerby stopped, and in a heavily accented Spanish with Argentine syntax asked who were. My host invited to come in and have a drink with us. When he saw the photographs his eyed opened as wide as silver dollar pieces. He was one of the German specialists contracted by IAME, who received a better offered from Convair in 1954. My friends gave him some of the photographs after almost two hours of this fellow's recollections of IAME.
 
Illustrations:

ia-45-querandi-3-copy.jpg

IA45 Querandí with Argentine Army markings from the late 1960s (Illustration: Christian “Billy” Zambruno).

ia-45-querandi-2-copy.jpg

IA45 Querandí with markings of the National Executive Power from the early 1970s (Illustration: Christian “Billy” Zambruno).

ia-45-querandi-copy.jpg

IA45 Querandí with Northeast Air Region markings from the late 1960s (Illustration: Christian “Billy” Zambruno).

ia-45-querandi-4-copy.jpg

IA45 Querandí

Sources:
https://www.gacetaeronautica.com/gaceta/wp-101/?p=5654
https://www.gacetaeronautica.com/gaceta/wp-101/?p=5587
 
Of course, these illustrations nice are pure fantasy, and these IA 45scarry markings actually born by Argentine air force Aero Commanders 500 U (purchased c. 1968). The regie overthrown in Sept. 1955 left the nation in a situation of financial stringency, and given the limited production facilities of the FMA, what could be produced efficiently certainly was (IA 35, Beech T-34, IA 46, Morane-Saulnier MS 760)

General characteristics IA 45

  • Crew: 1
  • Capacity: 5 passengers
  • Length: 8.92 m (29 ft 3 in)
  • Wingspan: 13.75 m (45 ft 1 in)
  • Height: 2.79 m (9 ft 2 in)
  • Wing area: 19.3 m2 (208 sq ft)
  • Aspect ratio: 9.8:1
  • Airfoil: NACA 23016 at root, 23010 at tip
  • Empty weight: 1,710 kg (3,770 lb)
  • Gross weight: 1,800 kg (3,968 lb)
  • Fuel capacity: 400 L (110 US gal; 88 imp gal)
  • Powerplant: 2 × Lycoming O-360 air-cooled flat-four engines, 130 kW (180 hp) each
Performance

  • Maximum speed: 276 km/h (171 mph, 149 kn) at sea level
  • Cruise speed: 245 km/h (152 mph, 132 kn) at sea level (75% power)
  • Stall speed: 110 km/h (68 mph, 59 kn) (flaps down)
  • Range: 1,100 km (680 mi, 590 nmi) (30 min reserves, 75% power)
  • Service ceiling: 7,500 m (24,600 ft) (absolute ceiling)
  • Rate of climb: 7.0 m/s (1,380 ft/min)

General characteristics: Aerocommander 500U

  • Crew: Two
  • Capacity: seven passengers
  • Length: 36 ft 9.75 in (11.22 m)
  • Wingspan: 49 ft 0.5 in (14.95 m)
  • Height: 14 ft 6 in (4.42 m)
  • Wing area: 255 sq ft (23.69 m2)
  • Aspect ratio: 9.45:1
  • Airfoil: NACA 23012 modified
  • Empty weight: 4,635 lb (2,102 kg)
  • Max takeoff weight: 6,750 lb (3,062 kg)
  • Powerplant: 2 × Lycoming IO-540-E1B5 air-cooled flat-six piston engines, 290 hp (216 kW) each
Performance

  • Maximum speed: 215 mph (346 km/h, 187 kn) at sea level (TAS)
  • Cruise speed: 203 mph (326 km/h, 176 kn) at 9,000 ft (2,750 m), 75% power, TAS
  • Stall speed: 68 mph (109 km/h, 59 kn) flaps and landing gear down, CAS
  • Minimum control speed: 75 mph (121 km/h, 65 kn)
  • Range: 1,078 mi (1,735 km, 936 nmi)
  • Service ceiling: 19,400 ft (5,913 m)
  • Rate of climb: 1,340 ft/min (6.8 m/s)

 

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i find it very hard to believe that the FMA couldn't undertake a project like this, having the facilities to produce not only the Huanquero but also the Guarani (+ ranquel and all the licence produced ones) during almost the same timeframe...1960s

I might have to check/ask again, but the whole issue afaik was lack of interest by both the FAA and AE, 20ish units really didnt justify the whole investment into a new aircraft....specially with lots of more affordable options...like the Aero 500
 
That is precisely the point. The production facilities of the FMA were limited-(at best 40-50 aircraft per year. (A number of Aerocommanders were imported at the beginning of 1957 for the civilian market-in fact the Air Force employed one with a civilian registration (LQ-MAY)-
 
There are other factors to consider: The Argentine govt. acquired 70 Dh 104 "Dove" light transports !0 for the air force, 20 for other govt. agencies, 10 Airspeed Consuls, and some Beech C-45s. Rather larger than the Aero Commander and IA 45. After the fall of Perón, the market was freed for various restrictions. imposed by the regime. Surplus and new aircraft become available in 1956, including some Czech Aero 45s, surplus Lockheed 14s, Piper Apaches, Cessna 310. etc. As far as the DH 104 Dove:
General characteristics

  • Crew: 2
  • Capacity: 8 passengers / 1,477 lb (670 kg) max payload
  • Length: 39 ft 3 in (11.96 m)
  • Wingspan: 57 ft 0 in (17.37 m)
  • Height: 13 ft 4 in (4.06 m)
  • Wing area: 335 sq ft (31.1 m2)
  • Empty weight: 6,325 lb (2,869 kg)
  • Max takeoff weight: 8,950 lb (4,060 kg)
  • Maximum landing weight: 8,500 lb (3,856 kg)
  • Fuel capacity: 168 imp gal (202 US gal; 764 l) in four wing tanks, with provision for a 52 imp gal (62 US gal; 236 l) in the rear luggage compartment
  • Powerplant: 2 × de Havilland Gipsy Queen 70 Mk.3 6-cylinder air-cooled inverted in-line piston engines, 400 hp (300 kW) each
  • Propellers: 3-bladed Hawker Siddeley Hydromatic, 7 ft 6 in (2.29 m) diameter constant-speed feathering propellers
Performance

  • Maximum speed: 230 mph (370 km/h, 200 kn)
  • Cruise speed: 187 mph (301 km/h, 162 kn) maximum at 8,000 ft (2,438 m) and 8,500 lb (3,856 kg) AUW
138 mph (120 kn; 222 km/h) economical, 60% power, 8,000 ft (2,438 m) and 8,500 lb (3,856 kg) AUW
  • Stall speed: 74 mph (119 km/h, 64 kn) flaps and gear down
94 mph (82 kn; 151 km/h) flaps up
  • Range: 880 mi (1,420 km, 760 nmi) full fuel, 1,398 lb (634 kg) payload, 45 minutes hold and 5% reserve
385 mi (335 nmi; 620 km) full fuel, 2,000 lb (907 kg) payload, 45 minutes hold and 5% reserve
  • Service ceiling: 21,700 ft (6,600 m)
  • Rate of climb: 1,135 ft/min (5.77 m/s) at sea level
295 ft/min (1.5 m/s) with one engine inoperative
  • Wing loading: 26.7 lb/sq ft (130 kg/m2)
  • Power/mass: 0.0893 hp/lb (0.1468 kW/kg)
  • Take-off distance to 50 ft (15 m): 2,320 ft (707 m)
  • Landing distance from 50 ft (15 m): 1,910 ft (582 m)
 

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i find it very hard to believe that the FMA couldn't undertake a project like this, having the facilities to produce not only the Huanquero but also the Guarani (+ ranquel and all the licence produced ones) during almost the same timeframe...1960s

I might have to check/ask again, but the whole issue afaik was lack of interest by both the FAA and AE, 20ish units really didnt justify the whole investment into a new aircraft....specially with lots of more affordable options...like the Aero 500
The problem, as always, was that the FMA was managed as one more Military Air Base, it was another temporary destination for the Brigadier in charge.

The designer of the Querandi was Eng. Elaskar. His nephews are also aeronautical engineers, teachers at the aeronautical engineering school of the FCEFyN of the UNC, the eldest of them being a PhD in Gas Dynamics and a CONICET researcher.

According to what one of them told us in class, the Querandi was designed based on a thorough study of the civilian market.
When a new Brigadier arrived at the FMA, he asked about this project, and he literally said "If the Air Force does not order it, it is cancelled, we do not make airplanes with the civil market in mind"

Augusto Cicare had the same luck, when at the beginning of the 60's he began to work with the FMA engineers to "engineer" his homemade designs.

When President Arturo Frondizi was overthrown and replaced by a military man, all collaboration with Cicare was canceled because the FMA was not there to make civilian helicopters.
 
Interesting, but I also believe that the FMA was simply overwhelmed by the production of The IA 35, IA 46, T-34 and M.S. 760.And the fact that there was an influx of faster types, such as the Aero Commander. As far as Cicare agreed, but by 171 RACA was building the Hughes 500 under license. The FMA lost another opportunity c. 1970, when Macchi offered to establish a plant to manufacture its MB 326 in the Argentine.
 
The main problem in Argentina is dependence on the Anglo-Saxon West. And the lack of real strategic vision, of the sectors linked to that thinking.
During the democratic government of Perón, not only was the National Industry (civil and military) promoted, but large quantities of weapons were imported for Defense.
In fact, Argentina became the most powerful country in America, after the USA.
The sectors opposed to Peronism (with a liberal tendency) carried out a coup d'état in 1955. From the governments that followed, an attempt was made to destroy Perón's work.
In those years is when that liberal sector begins to implement the National Security Doctrine, where it becomes the axis of internal repression.
Between 1955 and 1973, Peronism (the majority party) was prohibited and was not allowed to stand in elections. Persecution and repression produced constant instability. Governments followed one another, which lasted only a few years.
Obviously that situation influenced our development.
One way to curry favor with the USA was to not develop certain types of weapons, much less have an independent policy.
For example, after Perón was overthrown, many air projects fell into oblivion, German experts left and airplanes were even destroyed, simply for having been designed by Peronism.
The Pulqui II, which was in an advanced state and could be produced, was stopped by the promise in 1956 that Argentina would receive 100 advanced F-86 Sabers immediately.
In the end he received about 28 used ones, of an inferior model and years later.
Years later something similar would happen, when in the 90s, during the Menem Government, "carnal relations" with the USA occurred.
There was talk of receiving F-16 aircraft and in the end, they sent us some A-4ARs.
In exchange, the Military Aircraft Factory was privatized, national companies were given away, the Condor II missile project was suspended, etc., etc.
Today we are going on a similar path with the current government.
 
Pusher props? Interesting choice. Would have sounded very different due to the pressure differences between air above and below the wing.
 
The Pulqui II, which was in an advanced state and could be produced, was stopped by the promise in 1956 that Argentina would receive 100 advanced F-86 Sabers immediately.
In the end he received about 28 used ones, of an inferior model and years later.
That is a myth, the contract for the Sabre was signed in 1959, the Pulqui II flew until 1959 and it was the democratic government of Arturo Frondizi that canceled the project, here is the real story in this tremendous investigation by Gustavo Marón

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There was talk of receiving F-16 aircraft and in the end, they sent us some A-4ARs.
In exchange, the Military Aircraft Factory was privatized, national companies were given away, the Condor II missile project was suspended, etc., etc.
Today we are going on a similar path with the current government.

The FAA wanted F/A-18 or F-16 but the US only authorized A-4 with F-16 radar. It could have been negotiated for Mirage 2000 or sought Russian alternatives to force the US to authorize the F-16, as now
 
More than a myth, it is a reality.
A government was overthrown and even those who did it had no itch to bomb the Plaza de Mayo on the first attempt, and then bomb the Mar del Plata refineries with the navy in September 1955 and threaten to bomb Buenos Aires. Aires.
It is obvious that the coup plotters did not have much attachment to the country.
So it is not at all unreasonable that to stay in power, lacking popular support, they had to appeal to an alliance with the dominant Power on our continent: the USA.
Just look at everything that happened politically, economically and militarily during the period between 1955 and 1973.
Different governments could alternate, but the truth is that PERONISM WAS BANNED.
And the governments (whether civil or military) of that time, chose to align themselves with the USA.
 
What that book says in some points does not seem so wrong to me, since it shows the relations with the USA, of the governments in power. The point is that Perón's government was overthrown in September 1955. After the coup, the German personnel who had come were fired, several important positions at the Military Aircraft Factory were dismissed and, above all, they were left aside. the Peronist "Third Position" policy, to agree with the USA.
Likewise, a few years before what is mentioned, at the end of 1956, Brigadier Ahrens met with engineer Guillot, in charge of planning at the Aircraft Factory, and he asked him how long it would take to build 100 Pulqui II airplanes and he wanted to know with what material was counted. Guillot explained that there were turbines and parts to build a dozen airplanes, but since the Air Force had the license for the Rolls Royce Nene II turbines, he calculated that that amount could be built in five years.

Ahrens explained that he was in a hurry to replace the Calquin aircraft and that there was an offer for immediate delivery of 100 North American F-86 Saber aircraft with Orenda turbines. Finally, that purchase was finalized. This canceled the possibility of manufacturing and exporting Argentine jet aircraft.

Here are some links where they discuss this meeting:


 
Beyond that, it is worth mentioning that all testimony is partial and is valid only as that.
What someone expresses may have little, much or no truth.
What I'm going for is that when analyzing the events of those years, you can see how from the liberal sectors of the Armed Forces (obviously aligned with the Argentine oligarchy) a policy was carried out, which first came to try to destroy what had been done. by Peronism between 1943 and 1955. Then, align ourselves with USA / NATO.
Hence the pro-North American policy of the different governments.
As was seen with the Cuba issue, when Frondizi broke relations with that country, due to pressure from the United States and the military.
Even so, he was soon overthrown.
 
La FAA quería un F/A-18 o un F-16, pero Estados Unidos sólo autorizó el A-4 con radar F-16. Se podría haber negociado el Mirage 2000 o buscar alternativas rusas para obligar a EE.UU. a autorizar el F-16, como ahora
I already explained the issue of the A-4AR during the Menem government.
First there were carnal relations with the USA, so nothing was going to be bought that they didn't want, much less negotiate with the Russians.
The Menemista government had an ideological alliance with the USA, therefore, they would do what was convenient for them.
The sectors of the Air Force that were looking for a better aircraft were not taken into account at all.
Now it is a similar case: alliance with the USA, due to ideological affinity.
Strategic companies are being closed again, and there is talk of setting up a Yankee base.
Obviously everything that arrives will not be a danger to the United Kingdom.
Nor do I see that this government has any interest in putting pressure on the Malvinas occupiers.
 
What that book says in some points does not seem so wrong to me, since it shows the relations with the USA, of the governments in power. The point is that Perón's government was overthrown in September 1955. After the coup, the German personnel who had come were fired, several important positions at the Military Aircraft Factory were dismissed and, above all, they were left aside. the Peronist "Third Position" policy, to agree with the USA.
Likewise, a few years before what is mentioned, at the end of 1956, Brigadier Ahrens met with engineer Guillot, in charge of planning at the Aircraft Factory, and he asked him how long it would take to build 100 Pulqui II airplanes and he wanted to know with what material was counted. Guillot explained that there were turbines and parts to build a dozen airplanes, but since the Air Force had the license for the Rolls Royce Nene II turbines, he calculated that that amount could be built in five years.

Ahrens explained that he was in a hurry to replace the Calquin aircraft and that there was an offer for immediate delivery of 100 North American F-86 Saber aircraft with Orenda turbines. Finally, that purchase was finalized. This canceled the possibility of manufacturing and exporting Argentine jet aircraft.

Here are some links where they discuss this meeting:



It is very difficult to argue against false arguments and urban legends, of which Burzaco's book is full. In addition to the fact that your posts have a marked ideology, in contrast to the creator of this topic, who was expelled from this forum for filling all of his posts with politicking.

The purchase of the Sabre is perfectly explained by its protagonist in the text of my previous post, it is explained why the Canadian Sabre with an Orenda engine were rejected and it is also explained why FAA finally opted for the 28 used Sabre from the USA. The financial and operational advantages of the purchase are obvious.

The Pulqui II did not go into production because Perón decided that the priority was internal consumption, which is why most of the budget was assigned to the production of motorcycles, cars, utility vehicles, refrigerators, ovens, agricultural machinery, etc.

Also as explained by Tank, Horten and many others. The only prototype had to be exhibited at every government-sponsored fair there was, so the times for flight and ground tests were unnecessarily extended due to these advertising needs.

Finally, Tank began to dissociate himself from the FMA before the coup because the economic conditions of his contract were not optimal due to the high inflation in the last stage of Peron government and that he had lost his political support from the General.
 
Es muy difícil argumentar contra argumentos falsos y leyendas urbanas, de las que está lleno el libro de Burzaco. Además de que tus publicaciones tienen una marcada ideología, a diferencia del creador de este tema, quien fue expulsado de este foro por llenar todas sus publicaciones de politiquería.

La compra del Sabre la explica perfectamente su protagonista en el texto de mi post anterior, se explica por qué fueron rechazados los Sabre canadienses con motor Orenda y también se explica por qué FAA finalmente se decantó por los Sabre usados de 28 de USA. Las ventajas financieras y operativas de la compra son obvias.

El Pulqui II no entró en producción porque Perón decidió que la prioridad era el consumo interno, por lo que la mayor parte del presupuesto se destinó a la producción de motocicletas, automóviles, utilitarios, refrigeradores, hornos, maquinaria agrícola, etc.

También como lo explican Tank, Horten y muchos otros. El único prototipo debía exhibirse en todas las ferias patrocinadas por el gobierno que había, por lo que los tiempos de pruebas en vuelo y en tierra se ampliaron innecesariamente debido a estas necesidades publicitarias.

Finalmente, Tank comenzó a desvincularse de las FMA antes del golpe porque las condiciones económicas de su contrato no eran óptimas debido a la alta inflación en la última etapa del gobierno de Perón y que había perdido el apoyo político del General.
There are two opinions here. Just because you don't like it doesn't mean that they are the wrong ones and the ones you like are the true ones.
The reality (beyond the political positions of each one) is that there was a popular and democratically elected government by the majority of Argentines.
It might have some errors, but overall, it represented an improvement in the situation in the country.
Let us not forget that we were coming from a stage where we were practically a colony of the United Kingdom, there were large businesses, labor exploitation, almost no unionization, little industrial development, etc., etc.
The book gives a version of that airplane purchase.
Beyond that, I emphasize again that there was a coup d'état, supported by a minority ideologically allied to the USA.
For some reason, many of the works of the Peronist government tried to destroy, stop or go back.
We all have ideology.
There could be some economic problems during the Justicialist government. But his overthrow was not the solution, as you seem to justify.
In this case, during Peronism social improvements were promoted and at least for the crisis, they did not make the poorest, nor the majority of the country, pay.
The industrial development of Peronism is indisputable.
No matter how much you try to belittle it, with the famous catchphrase of "propaganda." Social Justice was a reality.
Those who came later took us to a lamentable state.
Repression, torture, murders, Armed Forces acting as internal police, etc.
The manufacturing of cars, tractors and other items was prioritized as they were most needed. But that didn't mean leaving airplanes aside.
General Perón's idea was a self-sufficient country with independence.
And to maintain that independence, it was necessary to have weapons and manufacture them.
I don't see it as something bad to expose technological achievements to the general public, on the contrary, it helped to publicize the advances.
Perón bought (among other weapons) about 400 airplanes. Also, those that were manufactured locally.
Some had to be replaced: 100 Calquín, 100 Gloster Meteor, etc.
If you want to show that replacing more than 200 airplanes with less than 30 is a good business, it seems somewhat naive to me.
That's why ideology doesn't allow you to see reality objectively.
 
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