Various Pre-WWII Soviet Projects & Prototypes

From Kryl'ya Rodine 11-12-/2022,

here is ES-1,a project which designed by Mr. Anatoly Senikov in 1941
and powered by Electric Motors.
 

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The Senkov ES-1 article in KR 2022-11/12 in Hesham's post #281 also had a comparison with the similar sized PS-84 .

Comparison of PS-84 & SD-1PS-84SD-1
Engine2x Wright Cyclone 850hp2x M-105 1100 hp
Ground Speed305 km/h338 km/h
at 2000m324 km/h363 km/h
at 3600m305 km/h378 km/h
Max Ceiling7,300 m
Practical Ceiling6,000 m7,000m
Time to 2,000m Height8.5 mins6.25 mins
Time to 3,000m Height14 mins10 mins
Time to 5,000m Height45 mins19 mins
Minimum Landing Speed95 km/h95 km/h
Empty Weight6986 kg7477 kg
Fuel Weight2237 kg2237 kg
Oil Weight224 kg225 kg
Payload1279 kg467 kg

Possibly the PS-84 was to have been used as the base airframe for the project. The design was to have conventional engines in the fuselage along with electric motors. The electric motor development was the responsibility of A.G.Iosifyan. The work was stopped a month before war started and the hybrid aircraft project, along with other electric helicopter work was halted.

The article has three pages of ES-1 details but my knowledge of Russian and technical terms does not lend itself to a coherent translation.

Attached is the artwork from post #281 along with English annotation.
 

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Which aircraft is meant by the designation SD.1?
Douglas DC-3 in Russia, under license, they were built under the designation PS-84

PS-84 is being converted into ES-1 (ЭС-1)
 

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From, Jahrbuch_der_Luftfahrt_1931_32,

also I think Ossoaviachim A.J.R.3 & A.J.R.4 were a Russian light aircraft ?,am
I right ?.
 

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From, Jahrbuch_der_Luftfahrt_1931_32,

also I think Ossoaviachim A.J.R.3 & A.J.R.4 were a Russian light aircraft ?,am
I right ?.

Not exactly. These references are to the 1938 Yakovlev AIR-3 prototype and 1930 AIR-4 lightplane trainers. Both types were powered by Walter NZ-60 radials imported by Soviet Osoaviachim (or Osoaviakhim) volunteer group - to assist members who were amateur aircraft designers and potential home-/club-builders.. This is likely the origin of your contemporary German source's confusion.

Osoaviachim encouraged amateur aircraft-building through its flying and gliding clubs. The first powered type thus created was Yakovlev's Cirrus-powered AIR-1 in 1926. After the AIR-1 set several sportplane world records, Osoaviakhim collected funds from its members for the development of the AIR-3 prototype.

The ultimate plan for Osoaviakhim was to import both foreign aero-engines and light aircraft which were to be then copied in the Soviet Union. That proved to be unnecessary due to the success of local aircraft designs - by AS Yakovlev; VB Sharov (Walter-powered Sh-2 amphibian); VK Gribovskii (Cirrus-powered G-1 light plane); etc. - and AD Shvetsov's 100 hp M-11 radial engine.

I'm not sure about the exact method of fund-raising for the AIR series. However, Osoaviakhim routinely organized lotteries with their winners presenting funds or individual aircraft to Soviet authorities.
 
These are light aircraft

AIR-3 was built in 1929.

AIR-4 was built in 1930.

"AIR-4" is a consistent improvement of its predecessor – "AIR-3". Since the flight qualities of the AIR-3 were recognized as good, then during the design and construction of the AIR-4, all the main parameters affecting aerodynamics were basically the same.
 
From this book,

Missile placement
take-off accelerators
land plane and
flying boat. Drawing
from an application for an invention
Dudakov and
Konstantinov
 

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Also from this book,

Airplane project I.A. Rybnikov. The main difference between this composite
aircraft and the “links” of V.S. Vakhmistrov was that in combination, the
lower planes seemed to form a second wing, i.e. the aircraft was a biplane.
All management was carried out pilot of the upper (main) aircraft. In the
air, the vehicles attached under the wing could detach and act independently,
it turned out to be three monoplane aircraft. This project, which appeared in
1936 under the influence of reports of Vakhmistrov’s successful experiments,
was purely speculative and did not contain any calculations or drawings. It
was filed as an application for an invention, but Rybnikov did not receive
an author's certificate.
 

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